[NOTE: Sven Yrvind may have more off-shore experience in very small boats than anyone alive. His advice is simple, modular mast/sail units that are easily muscled up or down.]
Set a little sail to catch a little wind,
To lift the hull and give it wings,
And roll us 'round the bend.
Riglets: A Quick Look at Promising MicroCruiser Rigs
In my book, a sailing MicroCruiser is much more than a DaySailor.
It's got to be able to stand up to some
shit. It should provide shelter from the elements and sleep its crew aboard. It should carry supplies for a
cruise. Human auxiliary propulsion.
So its rig must be
handy.
Handy to set and strike. Handy to handle. Handy to reef. Handy to DIY.
Dropping the mast to the deck reduces windage for rowing... free-standing is a plus. Easy handling, especially 'hands-off' from the cockpit via lines, makes for easy, trouble-free sailing, Easy reefing means we can reduce power quickly when ambushed by the wind. DIY 'cuz we're
cheap.
'Course, we might be tempted to give a little, one way or the other...
Many traditional western rigs - 'Marconi', sprit, lug, and gaff among others - get lots of coverage. But they present challenges for the microcruiser, as well. To address them, a number of lesser known rigs have been tried. While they, too, need careful implementation and adaptation, each offers a 'new' approach to practical sail.
In what follows, I'll give a very brief description with a pic... the headers and high-lit text are links to further information.
So let's go take a look at some contendahs!
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Imagine these cut-off sails are LOM!
Attribution: Barbetorte, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>,
via Wikimedia Commons |
A standard LOM, often laced to the sail, with a sprit boom extending forward from the clew and tensioned by a 'snotter' at the mast. It allows adjusting the sail's 'belly' and is self-vanging. The inboard end may be used as a lever in the manner of a sail tiller. Variants include wish-bone booms, possibly with 'baskets'. The booms are low and easy to handle.
This rig is common in sharpies, and favored by Phil Bolger and used in many of his designs. Wishbone variants were common in the line of
NONSUCH Catboats.
An uncommon option we've used extensively is eliminating a running halyard. The peak is fixed near the mast-head, as is a line running downward to a cleat near the partners. This line is used to spiral wrap the boom (brought vertical) and sail when furled.
This one is perhaps the traditional rig to beat.
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This is a quadrilateral sail with its peak spread by a sprit rising diagonally from a snotter low on the mast. It may also incorporate a sprit-boom in the manner described in the previous entry. It has the advantage of spreading more sail area on a short mast than LOMs can manage.
These are powerful and, once mastered, handy rig used by many traditional, sailing fisherfolk, especially in the Occident.
Sven Yrvind has rigged many of his vessels with one or two of this type.
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| Perry Phillip's BOBBER |
Junk Rig
Fully battened, standing lug rig with lazy jacks, sheeted along leech. Hands off, easy reefing. Ingenuity required for easy set up and take down. Countless variations. I sing its praises
here.
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Batwing
A fully battened sail luff-mounted on a short mast and
sliding gunter. Similar to Junk rig in shape, it can be adapted for JR's easy reefing with light lazyjacks and batten led sheets.
This rig was used by Frederick Fenger on his YAKABOO, canoe sailing the Caribbean in the early 1900s.
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| Matt Layden's Lug Rig |
Layden Lug
Standing lug rig, roller-furled on the boom. Hands off (though gotta be deft with halyard, sheet and furling line). Boom is easily dismounted and lowered to deck. VERY well proven small boat rig!
This rig was designed well-tested by Matt Layden in designs such as his PARADOX.
More info at
microcruising.com.
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| This is a taller version than likely for our needs |
Ljungstrom Rig
Twin, flat-cut, triangular sails, fixed along the mast. Open wing and wing with two sheets, or sail into the wind doubled and sheeted as one. Roller reef by rotating the mast. Typically boomless.
The rig was designed for catamarans by Frederick Ljungstrom after his son was tragically lost overboard after being struck by a boom.
The
BSD Twins are an interesting, boomed variant for smaller craft.
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| Shown about half reef |
Holopuni Quick Rig
This loose-footed, Leg O' Mutton sail roller reefs around the free-standing mast, while the light boom spreads the sail. It's travelling clew outhaul doubles as sheet landing on the boom... both move toward the mast as the sail is reefed.
Note that this could easily be implemented as a half-Ljungstrom!
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Illustration may be from one of Daniel Spurr's great books?
Fully implemented, this would be the main. |
Stays'l Rig (aka Delta Rig)
Mast stepped well aft, flying large single or double staysail. Roller furling may be used. The LOM 'mainsail'(?)
Aft placement is handy to the cockpit. Roller furled staysail provides clear air for the leading edge and develops upward lift as well as forward drive. Lies well to anchor. Must be strongly tensioned for windward efficiency. I'd lean the mast aft with amsteel stays set running.
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Wharram TIKI 21
Jib optional |
Wharram Wingsail
A short spar gaff sail with an 'envelope' around mast and halyards, reducing turbulence. Can be used with or without a boom.
The short gaff sail was often used in Herreschof designs. James Wharram (and Hanneke Boon?) pioneered the envelope.
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T-Modified Crab Claw Rig
This is essentially a
Crab Claw Sail set on a short mast with a swiveling yard. Rotates around
three axies (vs the normal one)! Very versatile, and possibly a good-to-great rig.
Unfortunately, it demands a lot from a monohull crew in terms of a steep learning curve. Although it holds promise, I can't recommend it as a serious microcruiser rig without further evidence that it's manageable.
Holopuni Canoes refers to this rig as HSS Rig... haven't heard back from them with the inventor.
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Transition Rig
Rig
based on a bird's wing! Stretch fabric and bone joints allow 'reefing'
by extension and flexion. Folds down as a wing folds in.
Really. Check it out! Not as low-tech as some, but...
I wouldn't say this one is ready for our needs. But definitely one to watch!
